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英国《金融时报》哈维尔•布拉斯(Javier Blas)伦敦、丹尼尔•坦•凯特(Daniel Ten Kate)曼谷 报道 # i' }2 U' D A9 R
2008年3月28日 星期五
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大米价格昨日上涨30%,达到历史高点,引起人们对亚洲爆发新一轮社会动荡的恐慌。在亚洲,这种粮食是25亿以上人口的主食。
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此前,大米主要出口国埃及为了平抑当地米价,正式禁止将大米销往海外;而菲律宾宣布计划在国际市场上大批购买这种粮食,以增加供应。当前全球的大米库存位于1976年以来的最低点。
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小麦、玉米及其它大宗农产品价格自2006年末就已经上涨,而大米价格在今年1月才开始上涨。
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1 C& ~+ D1 o7 i) \; o0 q+ ~4 o埃及的出口禁令使得以前执行不力的限令正式化。随后,全球第二大出口国越南和第三大出口国印度也实行了类似限制规定。较小的大米出口国柬埔寨昨日也公布了一项出口禁令。
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这些外销限制规定令国际市场上交易的大米数量减少了大约三分之一。! J9 b! u! \: i4 ?# ?
0 f) {' |8 y+ [2 o泰国大米出口商协会(Thai Rice Exporters Association)主席Chookiat Ophaswongse表示:“我不知道进口国会用什么方法搞到大米。”他预测大米价格还会进一步上涨。
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全球最大的大米进口国菲律宾昨日表示,希望购买50吨大米。本月早些时候,菲律宾购买同样数量大米的愿望未能实现。菲律宾正努力进口180万吨到210万吨大米,以弥补本国产量的下降。该国昨日还证实,它将尝试获得越南和泰国的紧急储备。6 c% Y/ | F; j! w) M8 |! V0 B
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大米也是非洲的一种主食,特别是一些小国,如喀麦隆、布基纳法索和塞内加尔。这些国家已经因食品价格走高出现了社会动荡。 ~4 t, U5 H m. a( U' y
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据路透社(Reuters)的数据显示,作为全球基准的泰国大米,昨日报价达到每吨760美元,比前一日每吨580美元的报价提高了30%左右。
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8 ?: |- X$ w" @2 t0 ^2 ^JUMP IN RICE PRICE FUELS FEARS OF UNREST
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By Javier Blas in London and Daniel Ten Kate in Bangkok
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$ p$ j) ^5 G5 x4 J5 ?Friday, March 28, 2008 ' ]2 y8 j, p3 ~* m/ e' p
% i* T; [1 a- U: D: bRice prices jumped 30 per cent to an all-time high yesterday, raising fears of fresh outbreaks of social unrest across Asia where the grain is a staple food for more than 2.5bn people. ( P$ n4 H4 m6 }5 @4 d0 Q# F
6 _: \* m5 v) S# ?4 u! |- g2 yThe increase came after Egypt, a leading exporter, imposed a formal ban on selling rice abroad to keep local prices down, and the Philippines announced plans for a major purchase of the grain in the international market to boost supplies. Global rice stocks are at their lowest since 1976. d. m% q& y" Q$ P9 x$ A
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While prices of wheat, corn and other agricultural commodities have surged since late 2006, the increase in rice prices only started in January.
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The Egyptian export ban formalises a previously poorly enforced curb and follows similar restrictions imposed by Vietnam and India, the world's second- and third-largest exporters. Cambodia, a small seller, also yesterday announced an export ban. 2 W$ w; k) M# d+ v6 M3 J8 o! y
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These foreign sales restrictions have removed about a third of the rice traded in the international market.
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“I have no idea how importing countries will get rice,” said Chookiat Ophaswongse, president of the Thai Rice Exporters Association. He forecast that prices would rise further.* R. N) c; e) | O' Z' K
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The Philippines, the world's largest buyer of the grain, said yesterday it wanted to purchase 500,000 tonnes after it failed to buy a similar amount earlier this month. It is struggling to import 1.8m-2.1m tonnes to cover a production shortfall and yesterday confirmed it would tap emergency stocks maintained by Vietnam and Thailand. . V6 ^0 a) q+ { P0 [ x W) P# V3 }( ?
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Rice is also a staple in Africa, particularly for small countries such as Cameroon, Burkina Faso and Senegal that have already suffered social unrest because of high food prices. 8 f7 t( {( M9 V! A* ~) ]% d) K
3 u& E3 z- a( |; \Thai rice, a global benchmark, was quoted yesterday at $760 a tonne, up about 30 per cent from the previous daily quote of about $580 a tonne, according to Reuters data. |